Impact of EU Fixed Term Work Directive: Scientific Research

Impact of EU located termination play directive Scientific look troth/Policies for Scientific investigateers Is the EU Fixed Term Work guiding of any Assistance to Scientific interrogationers in the UK?IntroductionThis dissertation proposal proposes to examine the involve of the bare-ass EU Fixed Term directing on contract investigateers throughout the UK. Its celestial orbit and potency for intrusion is quite wide, yet its cropability and prospective effectiveness corpse to be seen. Its aim is to increase levels of stability, consistency and equality among employees within Europe, which ar affair conditions, from which scientific investigators on compendious terminal figure contracts in the UK form arguably been distanced from due to the nature of their battle.Also, the mandate is aimed at making seek work between member states easier to access for EU citizens. The legislation excessively aims to make the EU a more attractive work destination, for, for typ e Chinese scientists who boast a lot to contribute to European academia. The legislation applies to both private and public sector actors, and go out also impact firms and universities employing inquiryers.The wider socio-political environment, the continued concentration of power with the European relegating and the growing fix of European Institutions upon actors in operation(p) at member state level lead be examined in the writers proposed research, as this leave behind in conclusion contextualise both the final recommendations of the research and the processes of the proposed research as it unfolds.The proposed research entrust examine the research question from a primary entropy appealingness angle, and because data volition be collected in relative to how many individuals in the UK work as scientific researchers, and these individuals leave be asked to contribute to the research by articulating their views on the potential workability and usefulness of the Direc tive. Also, employers, such(prenominal) as universities, public laboratories and firms pull up stakes be approached in an effort to reach schooling from a wide variety of actors who go out experience the impact of the recent legislation. Data impart be collected from other actors with expertise on the issues which relate to the employment of scientific researchers within the EU.The inquiry forelandThe research question leave alone attention deficit hyperactivity disorderress the potential workability and usefulness of the new EU Fixed Term Directive how it may be critiqued and how it may be improved. The research question will be address exploitation primary and secondary research. The research question will be assessed qualitatively, and quantitatively, in an approach known as methodological pluralism. The next section will examine the scene and aims of the EU Fixed Term Work Directive in a more in depth way, and it will flag details on what literatures will be emp loy and why.ReviewLiteratures which beget detailed background on the new Directive and literatures which provide background on the wider role of the EU will be used to build a point of pen for the study, and as they will help the consider the writer in identifying where open frames in the literature exist, and where research will best be concentrated. The literature which has been relied upon by the EU to gather background information in relation to the situation of scientific researchers on short term contracts is non an exhaustive body of research, and it is anticipated that this proposed research will add to this literature.The European electric charge has become a deeply influential body1. Accordingly, its proposals in terms of legislation and social policy within the sphere of employment law take a leak become fundamentally important for both employees and employers operating within Europe2. Therefore, the European Commissions recent indications that it wished to addre ss what it termed the scream of fixed term contracts, through their continued use had many legislative and political consequences for employers and employees operating within the European juncture3. In terms of operationalising their concerns, the Commission has recently called for all European center member states to desist from what the Commission regarded as short-term contract misuse through engaging in collective bargaining or through the execution of instrument of domestic legislation. umteen of the UKs estimated 40000 researchers4 will be impacted by the new EU Fixed Term Directive which proposes to ensure that fixed term contracts, at a lower place which many of these employees work, are make permanent after a halt of four divisions. Also, the Directive requires that employers offer contract researchers equal terms of employment, compared with those enjoyed by permanent staff, in relation to departmental committees and maternity leave provisions5. However, the Directi ve allows employers to extricate themselves from having to implement the Directive, in circumstances where they can show limited and objective reasons for doing this6.Other criticisms of the new legislation are that it does not go far enough to prevent or discourage the misuse of short term contracts, since contractual periods of any length are still de jure enforceable under the legislation. Also, as the chairman of the Association of seekers in practice of medicine and Science, Stephen Hopkins has commented, contracts may be terminated before the expiration of the four year period7. Also, it is unclear how much of an impact the legislation would have upon scientific researchers whose contracts are tied to external sources of funding and are thus terminable upon the expiration of funds.However, the functions and circumstances of scientific researchers within the UK remain understudied and obscure. For example, in that location is little data which tells us what the exact numb er of researchers who are works(a) on short term contracts, in the academic community is, and accordingly the extent of the impact of the new legislation is unclear.It would therefore be advised to attempt to gauge these figures, and accordingly the proposed research will address this gap in the literature on this subject. Also, since the legislation is relatively new, little literature is available on the viewpoints of individual scientific researchers, and due to this, in busy the relevance of the proposed research can be seen to be even more sharply defined. These perspectives will allow the new legislation to be gauged with reference to the views of those who are constrained and impacted by it.Ogbonna and Noon (2001) gives us but insight into the concept of equality and equal opportunities with the context of the European UnionThere are two separate aspects to evaluating the effectiveness of equal opportunities policiesThe handsome approach aims to provide equality of oppo rtunity, and relies on fair procedures, bureaucratic processes, and a sense of referee being seen to be d 1. The emphasis is on the regulation of recognising individual merit, rather than on any notion of providing social justice in relation to under-represented or disadvantaged groups. The radical approach is interested in equalising outcomes, and thus emphasises the fair and equal distribution of rewards, and positive contrast8.As we have seen explained in previous sections, the new Directive is predicated upon a desire to offer contract researchers working within universities greater hypothesise security and more equal rights compared with other categories of professionals, like veterinary surgeons and doctors whose rights have been embodied prescriptively through EU legislation, exceptionally within the last quin years. The research will therefore, also address literature on how the new legislation will impact upon the concepts of equality and equal opportunities within the EU.Research DesignAs has been explained, the focus of the research will be methodologically pluralistic in nature. This means that both qualitative and quantitative methods9 will be relied upon to implement the proposed research. qualitative research regards reality as a subjectively evolving social construct, whereas quantitative research is more specific and confirmatory. The heart and application of both disciplines can be illustrated with reference to these two quotationsHistorians have always analysed documental evidence, much of it non-quantitative data such as correspondence, as their primary source material, and through oral history methods have added in-depth interviewing to their repertoireOrganisational theory has been based largely on case studies created from an amalgam of observation, documentary material and interviews10.Quantitative research is frequently referred to as hypothesis-testing research (Kerlinger, 1964)Characteristically, studies come out with sta tements of theory from which research hypotheses are derived11.Therefore, the research design of this envision will draw from both of these disciplines to construct the research framework, and gather primary information. qualitative data will be primarily relied upon to gather the primary data needed for the operationalisation of the research.Semi-Structured interviews (this involves information exchange usually on a one to one basis) and focus groups12 (these are groups interviews, usually led by the researcher) will be used to gather the qualitative data from research scientists working within the UK and subjects will be used to gather data in respect of the numbers of individuals the new legislation is likely to affect. Experts such as representatives of the European Industrial Research Managers Association, and the Association of Researcher in treat and Science will be interviewed.Within the qualitative arm of the study, semi-structured interviews will be mainly relied upon f or practical reasons, since logistically, conducting focus group interviews, when dealing with a niche community like scientific researchers, and representatives from those actors who employ them like universities power be difficult to organise.The research design is pluralistic in nature, since this will provide a holistic context from which to examine the topic of employment law and policy in the context of scientific researchers.GANNT Chart/ discussion of ImplementationThe propose will be implemented over around a three month period. The writer anticipates that they will implement the project alone. Various resources will be needed, such as access to libraries, equipment and respondents. The implementation of the research, and the time-scales which certain aspects of the research design must accord with may be represented diagrammatically in the following wayChapter HeadingsIntroduction place setting to the StudyLiterature Review The EU Fixed Term Directive and the Role of the EU Commission methodologyResults and Discussion New Models for Evaluating the Employment Circumstances of Scientific ResearchersConclusionEvaluation of Possible Problems and Barriers to Completion.The research project will be limited and constrained in many ways, as is the case with every research initiative. Resources with which to implement this project are bounded and there is a very limited time scale to work within. Accordingly, the project design must be cogent and well-organised if the implementation of the research is to run smoothly.The writer does anticipate that the problem of representation may be a barrier to the implementation of the research design. Any research which claims to survey a group of individuals, and then seeks to comment upon the situation of a group of individuals in similar circumstances, imputes that the research is representative of those individuals and of that group, yet, there can be problems with the concept of representation. Therefore, the wri ter must ensure that representation bias is not introduced within the research design by over-reliance on the views of any particular age, gender or ethnic group. Also, a relatively large pattern must be taken to ensure that trends which are discerned are not just random occurrences or anomalies13.Observance of ethical research methods will help to facilitate the research, since respondents are more likely to be unstrained to participate if they know that the information they impart will be used ethically. Therefore, matters such as confidentiality and informed consent will need to researched in detail and absorbed within the research design.However, these barriers to completion and potential problems will only thwart the prospective research if they are not addressed and recognised before the research is conducted. Also, they will need to be made reference to in the writing up of the research since to ignore potential barriers to completion in the write-up of ones research is to, by default, call down that they have been eliminated or are not relevant. This could therefore lead to the research indirectly being biased. Therefore, the writer will give an honest calculate of how problems have been identified and addressed throughout the research. Also, if the writer needs to act to conduct research, journeys will be planned in advance and follow will therefore be minimised.Overall, therefore this proposed research will evaluate the usefulness and prospective workability of the EU Fixed Term Work Directive, by gauging the opinions of those most likely to be affected by it.BibliographyBooksBenz, C. and Newman, I. (1998) Qualitative-Quantitative Research Methodology Exploring the Interactive Continuum. Publisher Southern Illinois University Press. Place of issuance Carbondale, IL.Darlington, Y. and Scott, D. (2002) Qualitative Research in Practice Stories from the Field. Publisher Allen Unwin. Place of Publication Crows Nest, N.S.W..Frankfort-Nachmias, C. a nd Nachmias, D. (1996) Research Methods in the Social Sciences. Publisher Arnold Publishers. Place of Publication London.Noon, M. and Ogbonna, E. (2001) Equality, multifariousness and loss in Employment. Publisher Palgrave. Place of Publication Basingstoke, England.Roberts, I. and Springer, B. (2001) Social Policy in the European Union Between Harmonization and National Autonomy. Publisher Lynne Rienner. Place of Publication Boulder, CO.ArticlePayne, D. (2002) New hypothesize Security for UK Researchers on Short Term Contracts? The ELSO Gazette. Issue 12.1Footnotes1 P151. Roberts, I. and Springer, B. (2001) Social Policy in the European Union Between Harmonization and National Autonomy. Publisher Lynne Rienner. Place of Publication Boulder, CO.2 P16. Noon, M. and Ogbonna, E. (2001) Equality, Diversity and Disadvantage in Employment. Publisher Palgrave. Place of Publication Basingstoke, England.3 P1. Payne, D. (2002) New trade Security for UK Researchers on Short Term Contracts? The ELSO Gazette. Issue 12.4 P1. Payne, D. (2002) New suppose Security for UK Researchers on Short Term Contracts? The ELSO Gazette. Issue 12.5 P1. Payne, D. (2002) New dividing line Security for UK Researchers on Short Term Contracts? The ELSO Gazette. Issue 12.6 P1. Payne, D. (2002) New demarcation Security for UK Researchers on Short Term Contracts? The ELSO Gazette. Issue 12.7 P1. Payne, D. (2002) New Job Security for UK Researchers on Short Term Contracts? The ELSO Gazette. Issue 12.8 P16. Noon, M. and Ogbonna, E. (2001) Equality, Diversity and Disadvantage in Employment. Publisher Palgrave. Place of Publication Basingstoke, England.9 See Chapters One and two of Frankfort-Nachmias, C. and Nachmias, D. (1996) Research Methods in the Social Sciences. Publisher Arnold Publishers. Place of Publication London.10 P2. Darlington, Y. and Scott, D. (2002) Qualitative Research in Practice Stories from the Field. Publisher Allen Unwin. Place of Publication Crows Nest, N.S.W..11 P19. Benz, C. and Newman, I. (1998) Qualitative-Quantitative Research Methodology Exploring the Interactive Continuum. Publisher Southern Illinois University Press. Place of Publication Carbondale, IL.12 P19. Benz, C. and Newman, I. (1998) Qualitative-Quantitative Research Methodology Exploring the Interactive Continuum. Publisher Southern Illinois University Press. Place of Publication Carbondale, IL.13 P19. Benz, C. and Newman, I. (1998) Qualitative-Quantitative Research Methodology Exploring the Interactive Continuum. Publisher Southern Illinois University Press. Place of Publication Carbondale, IL.